What Is The Proof For The Permissibility Of Qada Prayer?

What is the proof for the permissibility of qada prayer?

Although there is not a clear expression in the Holy Qur’an about establishment of qada prayer for the missed prayers, the Prophet Muhammad (saw) made up the prayers he missed, and advised to his companions to do so.

The Prophet (saw) said, “Whoever forgets a prayer, let him offer it as soon as he remembers. There is no expiation except to perform the same.” (Bukhari, Mawaqit al-Salat, 37; Muslim, Masajid, 314) Also, the Prophet (saw) missed ‘asr prayer during the Battle of Trench because the battle got severe, then he cursed, “They caused us to miss ‘asr prayer. May Allah fill their homes and graves with fire!” and established qada prayer for it between maghrib and ‘isha times (Muslim, Masajid, 205). Moreover, they fell asleep at an accommodation place while returning from the Conquest of Khaybar, and established qada prayer for the missed fajr prayer after sunrise (Muslim, Masajid, 309).

Qada prayer is established for fardh cycles of daily prayers (five times) and witr prayer. If qada prayer will be performed for a missed fajr prayer before dhuhr time, its sunnah cycles (rawatib) should also be performed. In addition, four-rakat first sunnah of dhuhr prayer should also be established after its fardh unless the prayer time ends. On the other hand, missed prayers are established in the way they are missed, that is to say, if one missed them when he was a traveler, he should establish qada as a traveler; and if one missed a prayer while being a resident (mukim) he should do it as a resident (Mawsili, al-Ikhtiyar, I, 220).

There is not any hadith about making up for the prayers that are not performed deliberately without such excuses as forgetting or sleeping. But this does not mean that one does not need to establish qada prayer for them. Because the fact that Prophet Muhammad (saw) commanded to a person who broke his fasting by having sexual intercourse deliberately in the month of Ramadan to both perform qada for that day’s fasting and perform atonement (kaffarat) (Bayhaqi, Sunan al-Kubra, IV, 382) is accepted as evidence to the requirement of performing qada when one does not perform a fardh act of worship deliberately. On the other hand, if we consider that the Prophet Muhammad (saw) performed qada for prayers missed due to an excuse and advised his companions to do so, we understand that performing qada prayers for the prayers missed without an excuse should be established first (Nawavi, al-Majmu’, III, 68).

Source: Presidency Of Religious Affairs The Turkey, High Board of Religious Affairs FATWAS